Valve for internal-combustion engines



1. BLACK.

VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 15. I920.

' 1,382,053. Patentedhne21,1921.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN BLACK, OF HULATT, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA.

VALVE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

0 To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, JOHN BLACK, 21. subject of the King of Great Britain, and a resident of Hulatt, in the Province of British Columbia, Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Valves for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in valves for internal combustion engines, and the object of my invention is'to provide a valve the use of which insures a. positive opening and closing of the valve at all engine speeds and the motion of which is continuous and silent, which is simple in construction and capable of thorough lubrication without danger of flooding the cylinder with lubricant, and which is adapted for use with equal facility in both liquid or air cooled engines.

I attain this object by the construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which-- Figure 1 is a vertical section through the assembled valve and contiguous parts.

Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the valve.

Fig. 1 is a view illustrating a modified valve arrangement.

Similar figures of reference indicate similar parts throughout the several views.

1 indicates the upper end of an internal combustion engine cylinder on which is secured a casting 2, provided with a downwardly inwardly tapering annular valve seat 3, having inlet and exhaust ports 4, and 5 respectively, and a hollow central frustoconical vertical stem portion 6 having a port or passage 6 cut through it, in which valve seat and on the stem is rotatably mounted a cylindrical downwardly inwardly tapering ring valve 7 also having a port 7 cut through it, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the lower edge of which port is spaced a short distance from the foot of the valve. This valve 7 is a grinding fit in the seat 3 and is supported and driven by a gear 8 to which it is attached by means of screws 10, the gear 8 being rotatable in a seat 11 formed in the casting 2, adjustment of the valve 7 being effected by the insertion of shims 12 placed between the gear and the valve.

The gear 8 is rotated once for each two revolutions of the crank shaft and is in turn V Specification of Letterslatent. Patented June 21, 1921.

Application filed April 15, 1920. Serial No. 374,109.

driven by a pinion 13 mounted on a shaft 141 carried in bearings arranged in any conven entmanner. A cover plate 15 for the gear 8 is provided to hold the same in place, the cover being centered by theprojection thereinto of the upper end of the stem portion 6, which isreduced as at 16, and the cover is secured to the casting by the screws 17 as shown and is adjusted so that clearance for the rotation of the gear may be obtained by means of shims 18 inserted between the cover and the casting 2.

The valve in Fig. 2 is shown just as it reaches the point of full opening of the exhaust, the valve port- 7 then registering with the stem or seat port 6 and exhaust port 5 and the width of the exhaust port 'is equal to 579,- of a circle having a predetermined radius. The inlet port 4 is closed and has a Width equal to 40 of the circle, while the distance between the exhaust port and the inlet port is equal to 621?. This spacing gives, in degrees of crank shaft travel, a period of 235 between the opening and closing of the exhaust port, being a lead of 45 and a lag of 10, following which there is an entirely closed period equal to 5, then a period of 200 between opening and closing of the inlet, a lag of 15 past top dead center and a lag of 35 past bottom dead center and then a closed period during compression and ower strokes of 280. The foregoing spacing or timing, is used merely for the purpose of illustration; any other suitable timing may be employed, according to the requirements of the particular type of engine.

Lubrication of the valve is obtained by providing in its upper end channels 19 and 20, which are interrupted as at 21, as shown in Fig. 3, so as not to supply oil to the channels 22 when these latter channels which are cut in and extend downwardly in the valve seat 3, are opposite the valve port, the interrupting portion 21 forming a gate, as it were, between the oil channels 19 and 20 and the channels 22. A channel 23 is cut around the lower inner periphery of the valve seat, from which a drilled hole 24: extends to the outside of the casing, for the purpose of draining off the surplus oil, the hole 24 being suitably connected to the main oil sump. It will of course be understood that the oil channels are supplied with oil from the main oil pump with which the engine is provided.

indicates a threaded bore in the upper end of the vertical stem portion into which a suitable spark plugis screwed, andto deflect the force of the-hot exhaust gases from the spark plug a projection 26 is formedlin the bore of the stembelow and adjacent the lower end of thebore'25.

27 indicates water jacket-space, -andf 28- manifold. Each valve "has a separate exhaust port andconnection to the exhaust manifold.

A modified arrangement-is shown in Fig. 4 to illustrate the position of the threaded bore for receiving the spark plug when the latter is placed at the side so as to 1 allow the driving shaft'to be placed directlyabove tatable V therewith.

the valves and enables all the valves to be driven by :one shaft. Inthis arrangement the projection 26 isomitted;

From the foregoing it will be seen that I have devised a valve for internal combustion engines which is highly practical in operation, simple in construction, and adapted to be assembled or disassembled, with great facility and convenience, which is noiseless, capable of easy lubrication, and the .useof which insures great .economy in the operation of the engine.

What I claim-as'my invention is: p

In an internal combustion engine, 2. cylinder head having an inlet and an outlet portand a valve seat through-which said ports extend, a hollow stem disposed cen- 'trally of said 'valve seat having a port "through which communication between said inlet and outlet ports respectively and the engine combustion chamber may be established, said stem having a threaded" bore through its iupper *end, and its inner periphery ,provided'with a "deflecting pr0jection "adjacent 'the lower- =end of 'said bore, a '-single ported *valve rotatablyunounted in said valve seat and on said stem, andagear secured to the upper i end of said =-valve fro- Signedat Prince George, B. 1 Canada, 'this 30th day of March, 1920.

. .JoHN BLACK. 

